Read more , Hear more and Learn more!
心理學觀點的「幸運關鍵」:劉軒(Xuan Liu) at TEDxTaipei 2014
別把鑽石當玻璃珠:劉大偉 (Davy Liu) at TEDxTaipei 2013
迪士尼動畫師、肯渡製片總裁
劉大偉於1990起受聘於迪士尼動畫製片廠,參與了多部動漫電影製作,著名代表作品有美女與野獸,獅子王,阿拉丁,花木蘭等等。後來又受聘於華納兄弟,參與製作了怪物奇兵和魔劍奇兵等等。
1998 被聘到喬治盧卡斯導演的工業光魔特效公司,擔任藝術指導,參與星際大戰1和科學怪人的製作,在佈景,風格,3D模型設計及數位光影等多種特殊領域皆有獨特的展現。
2000年起,又鍾情於插畫繪製,分別為美國商業週刊,時代,華爾街日報等各大雜誌繪製插畫,並獲選為2000年全美國最獨特插畫家。同時間也為迪士尼製片廠,美式足球超級杯製作廣告。
2004 年自行創業,成立肯渡製片,擔任總裁至今。近年來埋首創作一系列著作,已完成的有 "夢中的巨葉","火魚","喬丹的訪客","國王的盛宴","魔麗樹" 等。
2013 完成 "別把鑽石當玻璃珠",商業週刊出版。
Disney illustrator, Founder of Kendu Films
Kendu Films Founder Davy Liu immigrated to the United States at the age of 13. He struggled through most of his academic years as he tried to associate into the western culture. He found comfort in art and his artistic talents landed him awards at the national level.
At age 19, Davy was recruited by Walt Disney Feature Animation and was assigned to classic films such as "Beauty and the Beast," "Aladdin," "Mulan," and "The Lion King". He later joined Warner Brothers to work on Space Jam and Quest of Camelot. In 1998, he was offered an art director position at George Lucas' Industrial Light and Magic. There, his projects included Star Wars Episode I and Frankenstein.
In year 2000, Davy resumed the role as an illustrator, and his pieces were featured in the pages of Business Week, Time Magazine, and the Wall Street Journal. He continued to work on projects with Disney as well as ads for Super Bowl. Davy's achievements earned him the title: Most Distinctive Illustrator of 2000.
Davy founded Kendu Films in 2004. His recent works include the picture book series "Invisible Tails".
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Steve Jobs
於2005年對史丹佛畢業生演講
『求知若飢,虛懷若愚』
史帝夫.賈伯斯(Steve Jobs)創辦蘋果電腦、皮克斯動畫,各種創新
都對產業帶來深遠的衝擊。由蘋果電腦刮起的「iPod」旋風至今仍在全
球延燒中。
今天我非常榮幸,來到世界上最好的大學之一。我自己沒有從大學畢業,
現在可以說是我最接近大學畢業典禮的時候。我想跟各位分享我人生
的3個故事,沒有特別的大道理,就是3個故事。
第1個故事,是關於很多點滴的串連。
我在里德學院(Reed College)只待了6個月就休學了,到我退學前,
我整整休學了18個月。為什麼我要休學?
故事得從我出生前開始。因為我的生母是個年輕的研究生未婚媽媽,她決定找人收養我。她很希望收養我的人也是研究所學歷,所以她把每件事安排好,讓我被一對律 師夫婦收養。沒想到等我出生,他們在最後一刻反悔了,說他們想要一個女孩。所以我那還在等候名單上的爸媽(指現在的養父母),半夜接到一通電話,問他們: 「我們現在有個意外出生的小男嬰,你要收養他嗎?」「當然,」他們毫不猶豫地答應了。但是我生母後來才發現,不但我母親沒有大學畢業,我父親連高中都沒畢 業。結果她拒絕簽署收養文件,一直到幾個月後,我的養父母保證讓我上大學,她的態度才軟化。
用回顧串連點滴
17 年後,我真的上大學了。可是我天真地選了一所幾乎跟史丹福一樣貴的大學,我那不過是工人階級的養父母,把積蓄幾乎都花在我的大學學費上。念了6個月,我看 不出價值所在。我不知道我的人生要做什麼,也不知道學校能幫上什麼忙,我只會把父母畢生的積蓄花光,所以我決定退學,相信事情總會O.K.。當時我是滿驚 慌的,但是回想起來,這是我所做過最棒的決定。我退學的那一刻,等於停掉了我沒興趣的那些必修課,把時間投入那些我有興趣的科目。
當然也不是全然那麼浪漫。我沒有宿舍,所以我睡在朋友房間的地板上。我 用可樂瓶退瓶拿到的5分錢買食物,每個星期日晚上走7英哩路,穿越整個鎮,只為了到Hare Krishna神廟好好吃頓飯。我愛去那裡吃飯。順著我的好奇心與直覺,那些讓我佇足、蹣跚而行的事物,後來都變成無價珍寶,譬如:里德大學有當時可能是 全國最棒的書法指導。校園裡每張海報、每個抽屜的標籤,都有漂亮的手寫書法。因為我退學了,不用上正常的課程,我決定去修書法課。我學會serif與 san serif兩種字體,學會在不同的字母組合間變換間距,學會活版印刷偉大之處。那是一種科學無法捕捉的美、歷史感與細緻的藝術,我覺得它很迷人。
我 沒預期這些東西會對實際生活帶來什麼具體的作用。但是10年後,當我們設計第一部麥金塔電腦時,它又浮現在我心中。我們把這些想法都設計進麥金塔裡,它也 是第一部有著優美字體的電腦。如果我沒有投入研究這門課,麥金塔電腦就不會有那麼多不同的字體或各種不同的間距。又因為微軟的作業系統抄襲了麥金塔,如果 當時我沒做,可能所有個人電腦都不會有。如果我沒有退學,我就不會著迷於書法課,個人電腦就不會有今天各種優美的字體。當然我在念大學時,無法預見如何將 這些點滴聯繫在一起,但是10年後再回顧,真的就非常、非常清楚。
再一次:你沒辦法預見這些點滴如何聯繫,唯有透過回顧,可以看出彼此關聯。所以你必須相信,無論如何,這些點滴會在未來互相連結,有些東西你必須相信,像你的直覺、天命、人生、因果,諸如此類種種。這樣的想法讓我永遠不沮喪灰心,也的確塑造了我人生中所有的不同。
我的第2個故事是關於愛與失去。
找到你的所愛
我 很幸運嗎?我很早就發現我喜歡做什麼。20歲時,我跟Steve Wozniak在爸媽的車庫裡成立蘋果電腦。我們非常努力,10年後,蘋果從車庫裡的我們兩個人,變成一家營收20億美元、員工超過4,000人的公司。 前一年,我們才剛推出最棒的作品——麥金塔電腦,而我剛過30歲,然後我被公司炒魷魚。怎麼被你自己創辦的公司炒魷魚呢?嗯……隨著蘋果成長,我找了一個 很有能力的人跟我一起經營公司,一開始很順遂,但是後來,我們對未來的願景逐漸分歧,最後只好拆夥。董事會決定站在他那邊,所以30歲時,我出局了,而且 是公開出局。 曾經是我人生所有重心的一切都沒了,我幾乎被擊倒。
有幾個月,我不知 道做什麼好。我覺得我讓企業家的前輩們失望了,我丟掉了交付在我手中的權杖。我跟David Packard(惠普科技創辦人之一)與Bob Noyce(英特爾創辦人之一)碰面,向他們道歉,我把事情搞砸了。我是一個公開的失敗案例,所以我幾乎想逃離矽谷。然而我慢慢領悟,我仍然喜歡我本來做 的事,我在蘋果發生的轉折,一點都沒有改變這一點,我被否定了,但我仍然有熱情,我決定從頭開始。
被蘋果炒魷魚是人生中最棒的遭遇
當時我沒有察覺,不過後來被蘋果炒魷魚變成我人生中最棒的遭遇。成功的壓力重新被創業的輕鬆取代,每件事都少一點確定,讓我進入人生中最有創意的階段。
接 下來5年,我又成立一家NeXT公司、一家皮克斯(Pixar)公司,還有跟一位很有魅力的女性談戀愛,後來她變成我的太太。皮克斯創作出世界第一部全電 腦動畫電影《玩具總動員》,目前仍是世界最成功的動畫公司。值得一提的是,蘋果後來買下了NeXT,我重新回到蘋果,而我在NeXT發展的技術,成為蘋果 後來復興的核心,我跟Laurene也有了幸福的家庭。
如果我沒被蘋果開除,我滿確定這一切都不會發生。 它像是很苦的試藥,但是我想病人需要它。有時候,老天會拿磚塊打你的頭,但不要失去信心。我很確信,能讓我繼續走下去的唯一理由,就是我愛我所做的事。所 以你必須找到你的所愛,不管是對工作、對愛情都一樣。你的工作會填滿你一大塊人生,唯一能真正滿足的方法,就是去做你認為偉大的事情。要做出偉大的事,唯 一方法就是做你愛做的事。如果你還沒發現這是什麼,繼續觀察,不要停止。用你全心的力量,找到時,你就會知道。就像所有偉大的關係,隨時間展延,事情只會 愈來愈好,所以繼續找,直到找到,不要停頓。
常保飢渴求知,常存虛懷若愚
我的第3個故事,是關於死亡。
17歲時,我讀過一句話:「把每天都當成人生中最後一天來過,你就會很自在。」它讓我印象深刻,從那以後的33年中,每天早晨,我都會對著鏡子中的自己問:「如果今天是我人生中的最後一天,我應該做些什麼?」如果太多天的答案都是「沒有」,我知道我就應該做些改變了。
提醒自己,我快死了,是幫助我做人生重大抉擇時最重要的工具。因為每件事,包括別人的期待、榮耀、恐懼、或失敗,在面對死亡時都會消散,只剩下真正重要的東西。提醒自己你快死了,是最好的方法,避免你掉進患得患失的陷阱。你本來就一無所有,沒什麼理由不順心而為。
1年前,我被診斷出得了癌症。早上7點半,我被送去掃描,很清楚的看到胰臟上有腫瘤。那時候我甚至不知道胰臟是什麼器官。醫生告訴我,這幾乎是無藥可救的癌症,我應該活不過3到6個月。醫生建議我回家,安排後事,就是典型醫生對末期病人會說的話。這表示你要在幾個月內, 對孩子說完本來是未來10年要對他們說的話;這也表示你要把每件事安排好,家人才會比較輕鬆,這更表示你要開始說再見。
我 想了這個診斷結果一整天。傍晚時,我被帶去做切片,他們把內視鏡從我喉嚨伸進去,穿過我的胃,進入腸子,把針刺進胰臟,取得一些腫瘤細胞。我打了鎮定劑, 不知道發生什麼事,但是我太太在場,她後來告訴我,當他們在顯微鏡下看見細胞時,醫生們都脫口而出驚呼,因為這是一種很少見、可以用手術治癒的胰臟癌,後 來我接受手術,現在沒事了。
這是我最接近死亡的時刻,我希望這也是未來幾十年中,我最接近的時刻。有了這 次經驗,比起從前死亡只是一個有用但抽象的概念,我可以更確定的對你們說:沒有人想死。即使那些想上天堂的人,都希望能活著去。但死亡是我們每個人都要面 對的終點,沒有人能逃過。事實上也理當如此,因為死亡可能是生命最棒的發明,它是生命變化的發動機。它帶走舊的,讓新的有空間。現在你們是新的,但沒有多 久,你們會慢慢變成舊的,然後被清掉。抱歉我說得這麼戲劇化,但這是真的。
你們的時間有限,所以不要浪費,活在別人的人生裡。不要被教條困住,活在別人思考的結果裡。不要讓別人給的雜音淹沒了你內在的聲音,最重要的是,有勇氣去追隨你的真心與直覺。它們常常最知道你想做什麼。其他的都是其次。
當 我還年輕,有一本很棒的刊物叫做《The Whole Earth Catalog》,是我這一代的聖經。創辦人叫史都華(Stewart Brand),住在這附近。他辦這本雜誌很有詩意,在1960年代末,在個人電腦與桌上型出版發明前,所有內容都是用打字機、剪刀、拍立得相機做出來的。 它的內容就像把今天的Google印在紙上,在Google出現的35年前,它很理想化、充滿了很棒的工具跟概念。
史都華跟他的團隊出版了幾期後,出了停刊號。那是在1970年代中期,我跟你們現在一樣大的時候。在停刊號的封底,有一張清晨鄉間小路的照片,那種如果你很愛冒險,你會去健行搭便車的小路。照片底下有一行字:常保飢渴求知,常存虛懷若愚(Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish )。這是他們簽下的告別註腳,這也是我對自己的期許。現在當你們畢業,走上全新的道路,我也以此做為對你們的祝福。
常保飢渴求知,常存虛懷若愚。
You Are Not Special - David McCullough, Jr.
Commencement Speech from Wellesley High
Dr. Wong, Dr. Keough, Mrs. Novogroski, Ms. Curran, members of the board of education, family and friends of the graduates, ladies and gentlemen of the Wellesley High School class of 2012, for the privilege of speaking to you this afternoon, I am honored and grateful. Thank you.
So here we are… commencement… life’s great forward-looking ceremony. And don’t say, “What about weddings?” Weddings are one-sided and insufficiently effective. Weddings are bride-centric pageantry.
Other than conceding to a list of unreasonable demands, the groom
just stands there. No stately, hey-everybody-look-at-me procession.
No being given away. No identity-changing pronouncement.
And can you imagine a television show dedicated to watching guys
try on tuxedos? Their fathers sitting there misty-eyed with joy and
disbelief, their brothers lurking in the corner muttering with envy.
Left to men, weddings would be, after limits-testing procrastination,
spontaneous, almost inadvertent… during halftime… on the way to the
refrigerator. And then there’s the frequency of failure: statistics tell us
half of you will get divorced. A winning percentage like that’ll get you
last place in the American League East. The Baltimore Orioles do
better than weddings.
But this ceremony… commencement… a commencement works every
time. From this day forward… truly… in sickness and in health, through
financial fiascos, through midlife crises and passably attractive sales
reps at trade shows in Cincinnati, (parents get that) through
diminishing tolerance for annoyingness, through every difference,
irreconcilable and otherwise, you will stay forever graduated from high
school, you and your diploma as one, ‘til death do you part.
No, commencement is life’s great ceremonial beginning, with its own
attendant and highly appropriate symbolism. Fitting, for example, for this auspicious rite of passage, is where we find ourselves this afternoon, the venue. Normally, I avoid clichés like the plague, wouldn’t touch them with a ten-foot pole, but here we are on a literal level playing field. That matters. That says something. And your ceremonial costume… shapeless, uniform, one-size-fits-all. Whether male or female, tall or short, scholar or slacker, spray-tanned prom queen or intergalactic X-Box assassin, each of you is dressed, you’ll notice, exactly the same. And your diploma… but for your name, exactly the same.
All of this is as it should be, because none of you is special.
You’re not special. You are not exceptional.
Contrary to what your U9 soccer trophy suggests, your glowing 7th grade report card, despite every assurance of a certain corpulent purple dinosaur, that nice Mister Rogers and your batty Aunt Sylvia, no matter how often your maternal caped crusader has swooped in to save you… you’re nothing special.
es, you’ve been pampered, cosseted, doted upon, helmeted, bubble-wrapped. Yes, capable adults with other things to do have held you, kissed you, fed you, wiped your mouth, wiped your bottom, trained you, taught you, tutored you, coached you, listened to you, counseled you, encouraged you, consoled you and encouraged you again. You’ve been nudged, cajoled, wheedled and implored. You’ve been feted and fawned over and called sweetie pie. Yes, you have. And, certainly, we’ve been to your games, your plays, your recitals, your science fairs. Absolutely, smiles ignite when you walk into a room, and hundreds gasp with delight at your every tweet. Why, maybe you’ve even had your picture in the Townsman. And now you’ve conquered high school… and, indisputably, here we all have gathered for you, the pride and joy of this fine community, the first to emerge from that magnificent new building…
But do not get the idea you’re anything special. Because you’re not.
The empirical evidence is everywhere, numbers even an English teacher can’t ignore. Newton, Natick, Nee… I am allowed to say Needham, yes? …that has to be two thousand high school graduates right there, give or take, and that’s just the neighborhood N’s. Across the country no fewer than 3.2 million seniors are graduating about now from more than 37,000 high schools.
That’s 37,000 valedictorians… that’s 37,000 class presidents… 92,000 harmonizing altos… 340,000 swaggering jocks… 2,185,967 pairs of Uggs. But why limit ourselves to high school? After all, you’re leaving it. So think about this: even if you’re one in a million, on a planet of 6.8 billion that means there are nearly 7,000 people just like you. Imagine standing somewhere over there on Washington Street on Marathon Monday and watching 6,800 ‘yous’ go running by. And consider for a moment the bigger picture: your planet, I’ll remind you, is not the center of its solar system, your solar system is not the center of its galaxy, your galaxy is not the center of the universe. In fact, astrophysicists assure us the universe has no center; therefore, you cannot be it.[applause] Neither can Donald Trump… which someone should tell him… although the hair is quite a phenomenon.
“But, Dave,” you cry, “Walt Whitman tells me I’m my own version of perfect! Epictetus tells me I have the spark of Zeus!” And I don’t disagree. So that makes 6.8 billion examples of perfection, 6.8 billion sparks of Zeus.
You see, if everyone is special, then no one is. If everyone gets a trophy, trophies become meaningless. In our unspoken but not so subtle Darwinian competition with one another–which springs, I think, from our fear of our own insignificance, a subset of our dread of mortality — we have of late, we Americans, to our detriment, come to love accolades more than genuine achievement. We have come to see them as the point — and we’re happy to compromise standards, or ignore reality, if we suspect that’s the quickest way, or only way, to have something to put on the mantelpiece, something to pose with, crow about, something with which to leverage ourselves into a better spot on the social totem pole.
No longer is it how you play the game, no longer is it even whether you win or lose, or learn or grow, or enjoy yourself doing it… Now it’s “So what does this get me?” As a consequence, we cheapen worthy endeavors, and building a Guatemalan medical clinic becomes more about the application to Bowdoin than the well-being of Guatemalans.
It’s an epidemic — and in its way, not even dear old Wellesley High is immune… one of the best of the 37,000 nationwide, Wellesley High School… where good is no longer good enough, where a B is the new C, and the mid-level curriculum is called Advanced College Placement. And I hope you caught me when I said “one of the best.” I said “one of the best” so we can feel better about ourselves, so we can bask in a little easy distinction, however vague and unverifiable, and count ourselves among the elite, whoever they might be, and enjoy a perceived leg up on the perceived competition. But the phrase defies logic. By definition – by definition there can be only one best. You’re it or you’re not.
If you’ve learned anything in your years here I hope it’s that education should be for, rather than material advantage, the exhilaration of learning. You’ve learned, too, I hope, as Sophocles assured us, that wisdom is the chief element of happiness. Second is ice cream… just a – just an fyi. I also hope you’ve learned enough to recognize how little you know… how little you know now… at the moment… for today is just the beginning. It’s where you go from here that matters.
As you commence, then, and before you scatter to the winds, I urge you to do whatever you do for no reason other than you love it and believe in its importance. Don’t bother with work you don’t believe in any more than you would a spouse you’re not crazy about, lest you too find yourself on the wrong side of a Baltimore Orioles comparison. Resist the easy comforts of complacency, the specious glitter of materialism, the narcotic paralysis of self-satisfaction. Be worthy of your advantages.
And read… read all the time… read as a matter of principle, as a matter of self-respect. Read as a nourishing staple of life. Develop and protect a moral sensibility and demonstrate the character to apply it. Dream big. Work hard. Think for yourself. Love everything you love, everyone you love, with all your might. And do so, please, with a sense of urgency, for every tick of the clock subtracts from fewer and fewer; and as surely as there are commencements there are cessations, and you’ll be in no condition to enjoy the ceremony attendant to that eventuality no matter how delightful the afternoon.
The fulfilling life, the distinctive life, the relevant life, is an achievement, not something that will fall into your lap because you’re a nice person or mommy ordered it from the caterer. You’ll note the founding fathers took pains to secure your inalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness–quite an active verb, “pursuit” – which leaves, I should think, little time for lying around watching parrots roller skate on Youtube.
The first President Roosevelt, the old rough rider, advocated the strenuous life. Mr. Thoreau wanted to drive life into a corner, to live deep and suck out all the marrow. The poet Mary Oliver tells us to row, row into the swirl and roil. Locally, someone… I – I forget who… from time to time encourages young scholars to carpe the heck out of the diem. The point is the same: get busy, have at it.
Don’t wait for inspiration or passion to find you. Get up, get out, explore, find it yourself, and grab hold with both hands. Now, before you dash off and get your YOLO tattoo, ah let me point out the illogic of that trendy little expression–because you can and should live not merely once, but every day of your life.
Rather than You Only Live Once, it should be You Live Only Once… but because YLOO doesn’t have the same ring, we shrug and decide it doesn’t matter.
None of this day-seizing, though, this YLOOing, should be interpreted as license for self-indulgence. Like accolades ought to be, the fulfilled life is a consequence, ah a gratifying byproduct. It’s what happens when you’re thinking about more important things.
Climb the mountain not to plant your flag, but to embrace the challenge, enjoy the air and behold the view. Climb it so you can see the world, not so the world can see you. Go to Paris to be in Paris, not to cross it off your list and congratulate yourself for being worldly. Exercise free will and creative, independent thought not for the satisfactions they will bring you, but for the good they will do others, the rest of the 6.8 billion – and those who will follow them. And then you too will discover the great and curious truth of the human experience is that selflessness is the best thing you can do for yourself. The sweetest joys of life, then, come only with the recognition that you’re not special.
Because everyone is.
Congratulations. Good luck. Make for yourselves, please, for your sake and for ours, extraordinary lives.